Hvorfor tiltrekkes flua av lys?

Posted on by Beetlebee

Et mangfold av fluer

Det finnes nesten tusen forskjellige arter som ligner på det vi kaller husflue, Musca domestica, og mange av de finns inne i husene våre. Det er forsket en del på hvorfor insekter tiltrekkes av lyset, og det kan være flere ulike forklaringer på det, alt etter hvilke arter det er snakk om.

En svært vanlig art er loftsflua, Pollenia rudis, som egentlig er en spyflue. Loftsflua overvintrer ofte innendørs, og er derfor den vanligste som dukker opp om våren når vi fyrer opp i hytta, eller varmer opp et rom. På bygda der det er husdyr er mangfoldet av møkkfluer (Muscidae) stort. Overalt der vi bor er det en rekke forskjellige fluearter som flyr inn i husene.

Noen er dagaktive, og noen er nattaktive. Men felles for dem er at de gjerne blir aktive når vi slår på lyset i rommet når det er mørkt. Svaret mitt blir derfor ganske generelt og gjelder for alle insekter som tiltrekkes av lyset.

Orientering mot lyset

Den viktigste forklaringen er at mange insekter bruker månen til å orientere seg etter i terrenget om natta. Dette virker slik at dersom ei flue ønsker å fly rett fremover, vil den ha månen i en bestemt vinkel i forhold til kroppen.

Dersom den kommer i nærheten av en kunstig lyskilde, kan den bli lurt til å tro at det er månen, og den vil derfor bøye av flukten av inn mot lyskilden for å kunne opprettholde riktig vinkel. Vi ser derfor ofte at insekter som tiltrekkes av kunstig lys flyr i en spiral rundt lyskilden.

Andre forklaringer

Andre forklaringer på at insekter tiltrekkes av lys om natta kan være at de søker mot lyset for å kunne bruke synssansen sin, eller at de tror det er en blomst dersom det er snakk om blomsterbesøkende arter. Når noen av fluene har blitt tiltrukket av lyset kan det også virke selvforsterkende fordi insekter av samme art tiltrekker hverandre for paring.

Jeg svarer på spørsmål for NRK Newton:

http://nrksuper.no/super/newton/2014/03/11/hvorfor-tiltrekkes-fluer-av-lyset/

Foto: Fra lyslokking av insekter i Papua New Guinea. Foto: Frode Ødegaard.

999 thoughts on “Hvorfor tiltrekkes flua av lys?”

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